CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26: Download All Subjects
The CBSE Class 12 Board Exam is the most critical milestone in a student’s school life. Whether you are aiming for JEE, NEET, CA, or CUET, knowing your syllabus is the first step toward victory.
For the 2025-26 Academic Session, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has continued with the Annual Assessment Scheme. This means no term-wise split—you will face one final board exam covering the 100% syllabus.
In this mega-guide, we break down the syllabus for Science, Commerce, and Humanities streams, highlight deleted topics, and provide a chapter-wise marks distribution strategy.
Pro Tip: Don’t just read the chapter names. Use this guide to mark the exact topics you need to study and skip the ones that are deleted.
1. Overview of CBSE Class 12 Exam Pattern 2026
Before diving into subjects, understand how you will be tested. The 2026 Board Exams focus on Competency-Based Education (CBE).
| Parameter | Details |
| Exam Mode | Annual (Single Board Exam in Feb-March) |
| Theory Marks | 70 or 80 Marks (depending on subject) |
| Practical/Internal | 30 or 20 Marks |
| Question Types | 20% MCQ, 40% Competency (Case-based), 40% Subjective |
2. Science Stream Syllabus
A. Physics (Code 042)
Theory: 70 Marks | Practicals: 30 Marks
Physics requires a balance of numericals and derivations. The syllabus is divided into 9 Units.
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Weightage (Marks) |
| I & II | Electrostatics & Current Electricity | 16 Marks |
| Ch 1: Electric Charges & Fields | ||
| Ch 2: Potential & Capacitance | ||
| Ch 3: Current Electricity | ||
| III & IV | Magnetism & EMI | 17 Marks |
| Ch 4: Moving Charges & Magnetism | ||
| Ch 5: Magnetism & Matter | ||
| Ch 6: Electromagnetic Induction | ||
| Ch 7: Alternating Current | ||
| V & VI | EM Waves & Optics (High Weightage) | 18 Marks |
| Ch 8: EM Waves | ||
| Ch 9: Ray Optics | ||
| Ch 10: Wave Optics | ||
| VII & VIII | Dual Nature, Atoms & Nuclei | 12 Marks |
| IX | Electronic Devices (Semiconductors) | 7 Marks |
| Total | 70 Marks |
📝 Editor’s Note for Students: The Semiconductors unit is small but carries 7 sure-shot marks. Do not skip logic gates and energy bands!
B. Chemistry (Code 043)
Theory: 70 Marks | Practicals: 30 Marks Physical Chemistry has reduced significantly, while Organic dominates the paper.
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Physical Chemistry (23 Marks): Solutions, Electrochemistry, Chemical Kinetics.
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Inorganic Chemistry (14 Marks): d- and f-Block Elements, Coordination Compounds.
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Organic Chemistry (33 Marks): Haloalkanes, Alcohols, Aldehydes/Ketones, Amines, Biomolecules.
C. Biology (Code 044)
Theory: 70 Marks | Practicals: 30 Marks
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Unit VI: Reproduction (16 Marks)
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Unit VII: Genetics & Evolution (20 Marks) [Most Important]
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Unit VIII: Biology in Human Welfare (12 Marks)
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Unit IX: Biotechnology (12 Marks)
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Unit X: Ecology and Environment (10 Marks)
3. Commerce Stream Syllabus
A. Accountancy (Code 055)
Theory: 80 Marks | Project: 20 Marks
| Unit | Topic | Marks |
| Part A | Accounting for Partnership & Companies | 60 Marks |
| 1 | Partnership Firms (Fundamentals, Goodwill, Admission, Retirement, Death, Dissolution) | 36 |
| 2 | Company Accounts (Shares & Debentures) | 24 |
| Part B | Financial Statement Analysis | 20 Marks |
| 3 | Analysis of Fin. Statements (Ratios) | 12 |
| 4 | Cash Flow Statement | 8 |
B. Economics (Code 030)
Theory: 80 Marks | Project: 20 Marks
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Macroeconomics (40 Marks): National Income, Money & Banking, Govt Budget, Balance of Payments.
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Indian Economic Development (40 Marks): Development Experience (1947-90), Economic Reforms (1991), Challenges (Poverty, Human Capital, Infrastructure), Comparative Development.
4. Humanities / Arts Stream Syllabus
A. Political Science
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Part A: Contemporary World Politics (40 Marks): End of Bipolarity, Centers of Power, South Asia, UN, Security, Environment, Globalization.
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Part B: Politics in India (40 Marks): Nation Building, Planned Development, India’s External Relations, Regional Aspirations.
B. History
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Ancient India (25 Marks): Harappan Civilization, Kings & Farmers, Kinship & Caste.
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Medieval India (25 Marks): Travelers, Bhakti-Sufi, Vijayanagara, Mughals.
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Modern India (25 Marks): Colonialism, Rebels of 1857, Gandhi, Constitution.
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Map Work: 5 Marks.
5. Important: Deleted Topics (Rationalized)
Do not waste time studying these topics as they will NOT be asked in the 2026 Board Exams.
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Chemistry: Solid State, Surface Chemistry, P-Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17, 18 detailed study), Polymers, Chemistry in Everyday Life.
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Maths: Tangents & Normals (Applications of Derivatives), Planes (3D Geometry), Elementary Operations (Matrices).
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Physics: Potentiometer, Cyclotron, Van de Graaff Generator, Transistors (detailed circuits).
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Biology: Reproduction in Organisms (Chapter 1), Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production, Environmental Issues.
6. Preparation Strategy: How to Score 90%+
The difference between a 70% scorer and a 95% scorer is not intelligence; it is strategy.
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Finish NCERT by November: NCERT is your Bible. 90% of the paper comes directly from NCERT solved examples and back exercises.
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Solve Last 5 Years’ Papers: CBSE repeats question patterns. Solving previous papers helps you understand the “language” of the questions.
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Focus on “Competency” Questions: Since 40% of the paper is case-based/reasoning, practice questions that ask “Why” and “How” rather than just “What.”
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Use the 15-Minute Reading Time: In the exam hall, use the first 15 minutes to read the paper and choose which “Internal Choice” questions you will attempt.
7. Download The Complete 5,000-Word Syllabus PDF
We have compiled the detailed chapter-wise sub-topics, practical experiments list, and project guidelines for all streams into a single master PDF.
What’s inside the PDF?
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✅ Detailed sub-topics for every chapter.
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✅ List of all Practical Experiments & Activities.
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✅ Question Paper Design & Blueprint.
8. FAQs
Q1: Is the syllabus reduced for 2026?
Ans: Yes, the “Rationalized Syllabus” is applicable. The topics deleted in 2024-25 remain deleted for 2025-26.
Q2: Will there be two board exams in 2026?
Ans: As of now, CBSE plans to conduct one main board exam in Feb-March 2026. However, the Ministry of Education is exploring a biannual system for the future. We will update this blog if any official notification is released.
Q3: Which book is best for Class 12 Physics?
Ans: Stick to NCERT for theory. For numerical practice, you can refer to H.C. Verma (for concepts) or S.L. Arora (for boards).
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